301 lines
8.9 KiB
Bash
301 lines
8.9 KiB
Bash
#From: "Grigoriy Strokin" <grg@philol.msu.ru>
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#Newsgroups: comp.unix.shell
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#Subject: BASH: getopt function that parses long-named options
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#Date: Mon, 22 Dec 1997 20:35:18 +0300
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#Hi, I have written a BASH function named getoptex, that is like bash builtin
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#"getopts", but does parse long-named options and optional arguments. It only
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#uses builtin bash commands, so it is very fast. In order to use it in your
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#bash scripts, include a command ". getopt.sh" (<dot> getopt.sh) to the file
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#containing your script, and that will define functions getopt, getoptex, and
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#optlistex (the file getopt.sh with its detailed description is listed
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#below).
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#*** file getopt.sh ***
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#! /bin/bash
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#
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# getopt.sh:
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# functions like getopts but do long-named options parsing
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# and support optional arguments
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#
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# Version 1.0 1997 by Grigoriy Strokin (grg@philol.msu.ru), Public Domain
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# Date created: December 21, 1997
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# Date modified: December 21, 1997
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#
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# IMPORTANT FEATURES
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#
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# 1) Parses both short and long-named options
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# 2) Supports optional arguments
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# 3) Only uses bash builtins, thus no calls to external
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# utilities such as expr or sed is done. Therefore,
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# parsing speed is high enough
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#
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#
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# DESCRIPTION
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#
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# FUNCTION getopt
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# Usage: getopt OPTLIST {"$@"|ALTERNATIVE_PARAMETERS}
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#
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# like getopts, but parse options with both required and optional arguments,
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# Options with optional arguments must have "." instead of ":" after them.
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# Furthemore, a variable name to place option name cannot be specified
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# and is always placed in OPTOPT variable
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#
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# This function is provided for compatibility with getopts()
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# OPTLIST style, and it actually calls getoptex (see bellow)
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#
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# NOTE that a list of parameters is required and must be either "$@",
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# if processing command line arguments, or some alternative parameters.
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#
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# FUNCTION getoptex
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# Usage: getoptex OPTION_LIST {"$@"|ALTERNATIVE_PARAMETERS}
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#
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# like getopts, but parse long-named options.
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#
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# Both getopt and getoptex return 0 if an option has been parsed,
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# and 1 if all options are already parsed or an error occured
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#
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# Both getopt and getoptex set or test the following variables:
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#
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# OPTERR -- tested for whether error messages must be given for invalid
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options
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#
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# OPTOPT -- set to the name of an option parsed,
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# or to "?" if no more options or error
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# OPTARG -- set to the option argument, if any;
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# unset if ther is no argument;
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# on error, set to the erroneous option name
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#
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# OPTIND -- Initialized to 1.
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# Then set to the number of the next parameter to be parsed
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# when getopt or getoptex will be called next time.
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# When all options are parsed, contains a number of
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# the first non-option argument.
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#
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#
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# OPTOFS -- If a parameter number $OPTIND containg an option parsed
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# does not contain any more options, OPTOFS is unset;
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# otherwise, OPTOFS is set to such a number of "?" signs
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# which is equal to the number of options parsed
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#
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# You might not set variables OPTIND and OPTOFS yourself
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# unless you want to parse a list of parameters more than once.
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# Otherwise, you whould unset OPTIND (or set it to 1)
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# and unset OPTOFS each time you want to parse a new parameters
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list
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#
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# Option list format is DIFFERENT from one for getopts or getopt.
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getopts-style
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# option list can be converted to getoptex-style using a function optlistex
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# (see bellow)
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#
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# DESCRIPTION of option list used with getoptex:
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# Option names are separated by whitespace. Options consiting of
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# more than one character are treated as long-named (--option)
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#
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# Special characters can appear at the and of option names specifying
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# whether an argument is required (default is ";"):
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# ";" (default) -- no argument
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# ":" -- required argument
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# "," -- optional argument
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#
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# For example, an option list "a b c help version f: file: separator."
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# defines the following options:
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# -a, -b, -c, --help, --version -- no argument
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# -f, --file -- argument required
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# --separator -- optional argument
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#
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# FUNCTION optlistex
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# Usage new_style_optlist=`optlistex OLD_STYLE_OPTLIST`
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#
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# Converts getopts-style option list in a format suitable for use with getoptex
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# Namely, it inserts spaces after each option name.
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#
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#
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# HOW TO USE
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#
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# In order o use in your bash scripts the functions described,
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# include a command ". getopt.sh" to the file containing the script,
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# which will define functions getopt, getoptex, and optlistex
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#
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# EXAMPLES
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#
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# See files 'getopt1' and 'getopt2' that contain sample scripts that use
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# getopt and getoptex functions respectively
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#
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#
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# Please send your comments to grg@philol.msu.ru
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function getoptex()
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{
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let $# || return 1
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local optlist="${1#;}"
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let OPTIND || OPTIND=1
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[ $OPTIND -lt $# ] || return 1
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shift $OPTIND
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if [ "$1" != "-" ] && [ "$1" != "${1#-}" ]
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then OPTIND=$[OPTIND+1]; if [ "$1" != "--" ]
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then
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local o
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o="-${1#-$OPTOFS}"
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for opt in ${optlist#;}
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do
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OPTOPT="${opt%[;.:]}"
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unset OPTARG
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local opttype="${opt##*[^;:.]}"
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[ -z "$opttype" ] && opttype=";"
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if [ ${#OPTOPT} -gt 1 ]
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then # long-named option
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case $o in
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"--$OPTOPT")
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if [ "$opttype" != ":" ]; then return 0; fi
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OPTARG="$2"
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if [ -z "$OPTARG" ];
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then # error: must have an agrument
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let OPTERR && echo "$0: error: $OPTOPT must have an argument" >&2
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OPTARG="$OPTOPT";
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OPTOPT="?"
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return 1;
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fi
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OPTIND=$[OPTIND+1] # skip option's argument
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return 0
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;;
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"--$OPTOPT="*)
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if [ "$opttype" = ";" ];
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then # error: must not have arguments
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let OPTERR && echo "$0: error: $OPTOPT must not have arguments" >&2
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OPTARG="$OPTOPT"
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OPTOPT="?"
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return 1
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fi
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OPTARG=${o#"--$OPTOPT="}
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return 0
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;;
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esac
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else # short-named option
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case "$o" in
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"-$OPTOPT")
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unset OPTOFS
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[ "$opttype" != ":" ] && return 0
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OPTARG="$2"
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if [ -z "$OPTARG" ]
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then
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echo "$0: error: -$OPTOPT must have an argument" >&2
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OPTARG="$OPTOPT"
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OPTOPT="?"
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return 1
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fi
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OPTIND=$[OPTIND+1] # skip option's argument
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return 0
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;;
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"-$OPTOPT"*)
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if [ $opttype = ";" ]
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then # an option with no argument is in a chain of options
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OPTOFS="$OPTOFS?" # move to the next option in the chain
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OPTIND=$[OPTIND-1] # the chain still has other options
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return 0
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else
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unset OPTOFS
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OPTARG="${o#-$OPTOPT}"
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return 0
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fi
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;;
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esac
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fi
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done
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echo "$0: error: invalid option: $o"
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fi; fi
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OPTOPT="?"
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unset OPTARG
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return 1
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}
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function optlistex
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{
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local l="$1"
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local m # mask
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local r # to store result
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while [ ${#m} -lt $[${#l}-1] ]; do m="$m?"; done # create a "???..." mask
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while [ -n "$l" ]
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do
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r="${r:+"$r "}${l%$m}" # append the first character of $l to $r
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l="${l#?}" # cut the first charecter from $l
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m="${m#?}" # cut one "?" sign from m
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if [ -n "${l%%[^:.;]*}" ]
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then # a special character (";", ".", or ":") was found
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r="$r${l%$m}" # append it to $r
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l="${l#?}" # cut the special character from l
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m="${m#?}" # cut one more "?" sign
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fi
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done
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echo $r
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}
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function getopt()
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{
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local optlist=`optlistex "$1"`
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shift
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getoptex "$optlist" "$@"
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return $?
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}
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#**************************************
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# cut here
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#**************************************
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#*** (end of getopt.sh) ***
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#*** file getopt1 ***
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#! /bin/bash
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# getopt1:
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# Sample script using the function getopt
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#
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# Type something like "getopt1 -ab -d 10 -e20 text1 text2"
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# on the command line to see how it works
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#
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# See getopt.sh for more information
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#. getopt.sh
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#echo Using getopt to parse arguments:
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#while getopt "abcd:e." "$@"
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#do
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# echo "Option <$OPTOPT> ${OPTARG:+has an arg <$OPTARG>}"
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#done
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#shift $[OPTIND-1]
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#for arg in "$@"
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#do
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# echo "Non option argument <$arg>"
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#done
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#
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#**************************************
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# cut here
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#**************************************
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#*** (end of getopt1) ***
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#
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#
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#*** file getopt2 ***
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#
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#! /bin/bash
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# getopt2:
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# Sample script using the function getoptex
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#
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# Type something like "getopt2 -ab -d 10 -e20 --opt1 --opt4=100 text1 text2"
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# to see how it works
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#
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# See getopt.sh for more information
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. getopt.sh
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#echo Using getoptex to parse arguments:
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#while getoptex "a; b; c; d: e. opt1 opt2 opt3 opt4: opt5." "$@"
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#do
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# echo "Option <$OPTOPT> ${OPTARG:+has an arg <$OPTARG>}"
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#done
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#shift $[OPTIND-1]
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#for arg in "$@"
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#do
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# echo "Non option argument <$arg>"
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#done
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#
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#**************************************
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# cut here
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#**************************************
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#*** (end of getopt2) ***
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